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{"id":112,"date":"2024-03-06T14:31:58","date_gmt":"2024-03-06T14:31:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/?p=112"},"modified":"2024-03-06T19:18:10","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T19:18:10","slug":"vilhelm-richard-wagner-kimdir-vilhelm-richard-wagner-biyografisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/vilhelm-richard-wagner-kimdir-vilhelm-richard-wagner-biyografisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Vilhelm Richard Wagner Kimdir? Vilhelm Richard Wagner Biyografisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vilhelm Richard Wagner kimdir?, Vilhelm Richard Wagner<\/strong> ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda?, bu makalemizde sizlere Vilhelm Richard Wagner ile alakal\u0131 detayl\u0131 biyografi yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131k. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ayr\u0131ca Vilhelm Richard Wagner<\/strong> burcu nedir? Vilhelm Richard Wagner<\/strong> memleketi<\/em> neresi? gibi cevaplar\u0131 da bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

\n

Vilhelm Richard Wagner Biyografisi<\/h2>\n
\u00dcnl\u00fc Alman besteci
\nVilheim Richard Wagner<\/a><\/b>, 22 May\u0131s<\/b>1813<\/b> y\u0131l\u0131nda, Napolyon<\/b>‘a kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan hemen sonra ve Uluslar Sava\u015f\u0131<\/b>‘ndan bir ka\u00e7 ay \u00f6nce Leipzig<\/b>‘de d\u00fcnyaya geldi.Babas\u0131 Frederich Wagner, polis memuruydu fakat Richard do\u011fmadan \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. \u00dcvey babas\u0131 Ludwig Geyer ise oyuncu, ressam ve oyun yazar\u0131yd\u0131. \u00dcvey babas\u0131, Richard’\u0131 tiyatrodaki provalar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr, rol\u00fc bittikten sonra da tahta sahnede Richard’a bir gece \u00f6nce anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 masallar\u0131n pandomimini yapard\u0131. Richard, sanat ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u00fcvey babas\u0131ndan bi hayli etkilenecekti.Okula ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ”Odisseia”<\/b>n\u0131n ilk on iki kitab\u0131n\u0131 kimseden yard\u0131m g\u00f6rmeksizin \u00e7evirmi\u015fti. Homer Yunancas\u0131n\u0131n 6.000 sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirmek on \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in kolay bir i\u015f de\u011fildi. Bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce de piyano dersleri almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f fakat \u00f6zel bir yetenek g\u00f6sterememi\u015fti. \u0130lk esin kayna\u011f\u0131 Gewandhaus konserlerinin birinde dinledi\u011fi Bethoven<\/b> senfonisi olmu\u015ftu. Olduk\u00e7a etkilenen Wagner, ailesine m\u00fczisyen olmak istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi ve yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tragedyay\u0131 m\u00fczikalle\u015ftirmeye kara verdi. Tekrar m\u00fczik dersleri almaya ba\u015flayan Wagner, bir uvert\u00fcr besteledi. Besteledi\u011fi uvert\u00fcr, \u00fcvey babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tiyatronun perde i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7al\u0131nmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve seyirciler taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1830<\/b> y\u0131l\u0131nda Leipzig \u00dcniversitesi<\/b>‘ne giren gen\u00e7 Wagner, m\u00fczik \u015fehri olarak \u00fcn yapan Viyana<\/b>‘y\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir istek duyuyordu. Fakat Viyana’a geldi\u011finde, b\u00fct\u00fcn tiyatro ve konser salonlar\u0131nda ”Zampa”<\/b> gibi de\u011fersiz ve abart\u0131l\u0131 eserler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, hemen bu \u015fehirden ka\u00e7t\u0131. Wagner’in eski \u0130skandinav efsanelerine olan ilgisi, onu bu fantastik hikayelere dayanan eserler yaratmaya itiyordu. Bunun yan\u0131nda Yunan<\/b> tragedyalar\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015f ve ”Gelece\u011fin Sanat Eserleri” <\/b>adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 ile kendi sanat kuramlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

1834<\/b> y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk operas\u0131 ”Die Feen”<\/b>i bitirdi. Bu opera, b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcler, ma\u011faralar, periler ve s\u0131rlarla doluydu. Wagner’in yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karma saplant\u0131s\u0131 eserinde ate\u015fe bi hayli fazla yer vermesine neden olmu\u015ftu. Operan\u0131n\u0131 notalar\u0131 elden ele dola\u015ft\u0131ktan bir s\u00fcre sonra rafa kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ancak Wagner’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden be\u015f y\u0131l sonra sahneye konabildi.<\/p>\n

Wagner, Magdeburg’da opera y\u00f6netmenli\u011fi yaparken tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 oyuncu Wilhemina Planer<\/b> ile ilk evlili\u011fini yapt\u0131.
\n1836<\/b> y\u0131l\u0131nda Wagner ”Das Liebesverbot” <\/b>( A\u015fk Yasa\u011f\u0131 ) adl\u0131 bir opera daha bestelemi\u015fti. Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in on g\u00fcn gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre verilen bu opera, tam bir fiyaskoyla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Oyunculardan hi\u00e7biri rol\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fru d\u00fczg\u00fcn ezberleyememi\u015fti.
\nErtesi y\u0131l Wagner, Balt\u0131k devletinin ba\u015fkenti Latvia’da Riga tiyatrosunda m\u00fczik y\u00f6netmenli\u011fi g\u00f6revini ald\u0131. Burada son derece uzun ve g\u00f6steri\u015fli bir opera olan ”Rienzi”<\/b>nin kompozisyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Riga tiyatrosu ile s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi sona erdi\u011fi zaman, bu eser daha bitmemi\u015fti. Fakat Wagner ailesi, biriken bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kurtulmak i\u00e7in Latvia’dan ayr\u0131lmak zorunda kald\u0131.
\nRienzi operas\u0131 1842<\/b> y\u0131l\u0131nda Dresden<\/b>‘de sahneye kondu ve b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Wagner ikinci operas\u0131, ”Der Fliegende Hollaender” <\/b>(U\u00e7an Hollandal\u0131)\u0131 tasarlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Wagner daha sonra Dresden Saray Orkestras\u0131 y\u00f6netmenli\u011fine atand\u0131. Tannhauser<\/b> operas\u0131 1845’te, L\u00f6hengrin<\/b> ise 1848 y\u0131l\u0131nda halka sunuldu fakat hi\u00e7 biri beklenen ilgiyi g\u00f6rmedi. Bundan sonra Wagner’in ya\u015fam\u0131nda dertli, huzursuz, oradan oraya dola\u015fmakla ge\u00e7en bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nWagner, 1848-9 y\u0131llar\u0131 ars\u0131nda Almanya<\/b>‘n\u0131n siyasal ak\u0131mlar\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, Sakson halk\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklanmas\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle onun i\u00e7in de tutuklama karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Wagner kurtulu\u015fu ka\u00e7makta buldu; Z\u00fcrih<\/b>‘e s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. Oradan Paris<\/b>‘e, Paris’ten de Bordeaux<\/b>‘ya gitti.<\/p>\n

Z\u00fcrih’te kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 senelerde bir arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131na a\u015f\u0131k oldu. Bu yasak a\u015fk, ”Tristan ve Isolde”<\/b> nin do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.
\n1859 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avusturya \u0130mparatoru<\/b>‘nun iste\u011fi \u00fczerine Paris Operas\u0131nda ”Tannhauser”i sahneye koymay\u0131 kabul etti. Fakat \u0130mparatora kar\u015f\u0131 olanlar oyunu sabote ettiler. Wagner de umutlar\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir halde Viyana’ya d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1864 y\u0131l\u0131nda Wagner<\/a> bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan y\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir durumdayken, Bavyera Kral\u0131 II. Ludvig taraf\u0131ndan M\u00fcnih<\/b>‘e davet edildi. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir co\u015fkuyla kar\u015f\u0131lanan \u00fcnl\u00fc besteci, ”Tristan”\u0131 sahneledi.<\/p>\n

1866 y\u0131l\u0131nda kar\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6len Wagner \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra tekrar evlendi. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Cosima ve Richard Wagner \u00e7iftinin, Helferich Siegfried Richard<\/b> ad\u0131n\u0131 koyduklar\u0131 bir erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

1876 y\u0131l\u0131nda Wagner’in opera binas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, Bayreuth’ta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Wagner, bu ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerindeki hayranlar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, krallar ve prensler taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmi\u015fti.
\nArt\u0131k bestelenecek bir ”Parsifal”<\/b> operas\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Parsifal Wagner’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce Bayreuth’da sahneye kondu.13 \u015eubat<\/b>1883<\/b> y\u0131l\u0131nda kalp damarlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131kanmas\u0131 sebebiyle ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n

Wagner, Alman ruhunu renk renk tonlarla dile getirmi\u015f ve \u0130talya opera bi\u00e7imini bir kenara b\u0131rakarak, ”dram m\u00fczi\u011fi”<\/b> dedi\u011fi, m\u00fczi\u011fe uydurulan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere dayanan de\u011fil s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere uyan bir m\u00fczik icat etmi\u015ftir. \u00dcn\u00fc birdenbire parlay\u0131p s\u00f6nmemi\u015f, fakat yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00fclkesine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, hatta yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelere ta\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Wagner’in m\u00fczi\u011fi i\u00e7in ” gelece\u011fin m\u00fczi\u011fi” yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 bo\u015funa de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vilhelm Richard Wagner kimdir?, Vilhelm Richard Wagner ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda?, bu makalemizde sizlere Vilhelm Richard Wagner<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":113,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biyograflar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":232,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112\/revisions\/232"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilgidefteri.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}